Fuel Gauge Problem Diagnosis
The following information is reprinted with the permission of Mr. Fred Aldrich, a.k.a. The Chevelle Engineer. Data presented are the same from his popular website with only minor changes to spelling and overall format. Mr. Aldrich passed away in 2011 and graciously allowed me to use some information from this website before his passing.
This process can be applied to all recent GM cars except those with computerized gauges.
1) Locate the fuel sender feed wire near the fuel
tank. You're looking for a single tan colored wire. With the tan
wire disconnected at the fuel tank, the fuel gauge should read past
full with the ignition on. Wait a few moments as some fuel gauges take
a long time to respond. Touch the tan wire from the body to any convenient
ground and the gauge should read empty. If not, you have a wiring problem
or a bad gauge.
2) If the gauge responds correctly, the gauge and wiring
are OK. Next use a multi-meter to measure resistance to ground of the
sender wire connection on the top of the fuel sender or the tan wire
from the top of the fuel tank. Measurements should track the fuel in
tank.
Full - 84-88 ohms
Half - 40 ohms, give or take
Empty - 0-2 ohms
If this doesn't check, then sender or wiring on top of the tank
is bad or the sender not adequately grounded. Senders are typically
grounded by a black wire which is welded to the sender and attached
to the body with a sheet metal screw.
3) If the sender checks OK but gauge and wiring don't,
clean the connections, reconnect the sender wiring and separate the
Fisher connector (located just outboard of the fuse block under the
dash). The gauge should then read past full. Ground the tan wire in
the dash side of the Fisher connector and the gauge should read empty.
If not, you probably have a bad gauge or possibly a dash wiring problem.
Go to Step 5.
4) If the gauge checks OK, then make the same resistance
checks to the tan wire in the body side of the Fisher connector. If
the readings are different than those at the sender, body wiring has
a problem and requires detailed inspection. If they look OK, then the
Fisher connector is probably dirty.
5) Clean and reconnect Fisher connector, pull the connector
off the back of the gauge and make the same resistance checks to the
tan wire. If they don't check, you have a dash wiring problem. If
they check OK, your gauge is bad. Gauges can be bench-checked but this
is best left to a specialist.
Note: As noted at the beginning of the page, Mr. Aldrich passed away in 2011 and graciously allowed me to use some information from this website before his passing. Data presented here is assumed to be correct but no guarantees are implied.
